Skip to the content
Aletheia

Zero Worlds · source record · paper

A strong no-go theorem on the Wigner's friend paradox

Bong, K.-W.; et al. · 2020

AI-verified citationSRC-BONG-2020
identifier / locator
Nature Physics 16: 1199–1205. DOI: 10.1038/s41567-020-0990-x
url
https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.05607
verification note
arXiv record and journal reference confirmed 2026-08-22; abstract read.
reliability notes
  • The 'local friendliness' theorem and photonic proof-of-principle: strictly stronger constraints than Bell's theorem on the conjunction of absoluteness of observed events, locality, and no-superdeterminism.
  • The experimental 'friend' is a photon path — a controlled information-processing system, not a conscious observer; the theorem constrains assumptions, not ontologies.

Evidence drawn from this source

Supports· strongZW-E018

Bong 2020: observer-independence priced, not ontology decided

what the source states
A "local friendliness" no-go theorem shows that if quantum evolution is controllable on the scale of an observer, then one of no-superdeterminism, locality, or absoluteness of observed events must fail — constraints "strictly stronger" than Bell's theorem — with a photonic proof-of-principle experiment in which a photon's path is deemed an observer.
what we infer
The experiment closest in spirit to the Zero Worlds dispute, and its honest reading is deflationary in both directions: it taxes theories committed to absolute observed events, but its "friend" is a photon path — a controlled information-processing system — so nothing here demonstrates that consciousness or first-person states play a causal role. Benchmark, not verdict.
limitations
  • Proof-of-principle scale; extending 'observer' from a photon path to systems anyone would call an observer is the entire unresolved point.
Bong, K.-W. (2020)AI-verified citationZW-C003