Skip to the content
Aletheia

State, Not Scar · source record · paper

Myofascial trigger points show spontaneous needle EMG activity

Hubbard, D. R.; Berkoff, G. M. · 1993

AI-verified citationSRC-HUBBARD-BERKOFF-1993
identifier / locator
Spine 18(13): 1803–1807. DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199310000-00015
verification note
Confirmed via PubMed/Crossref (2026-08-22 batch): sustained spontaneous EMG in a 1–2 mm nidus of trapezius trigger points, absent in adjacent non-tender fibers; the authors hypothesized sympathetically activated intrafusal contractions.
reliability notes
  • Old and small; the signal generator remains contested (later literature favors extrafusal endplate potentials over the authors' spindle hypothesis).

Evidence drawn from this source

Supports· moderateVASO-E001

Spontaneous EMG activity confined to the trigger-point nidus

what the source states
Monopolar needle EMG recorded simultaneously from trapezius trigger points and adjacent non-tender fibers found sustained spontaneous activity in the 1–2 mm nidus of all trigger points and none in the non-tender sites; amplitude was higher in tension-headache and fibromyalgia patients than in normals. The authors hypothesized sympathetically activated intrafusal (spindle) contractions.
what we infer
Whatever a knot is, it is electrically maintained: a discrete island of ongoing activity in muscle that is nominally at rest — state, not scar.
limitations
  • 1993, small sample, one lab; the signal's generator is still contested (endplate potentials vs spindles).
  • The recorded activity is skeletal-muscle electrophysiology; nothing here measures vasculature.
Hubbard, D. R. (1993)AI-verified citationVASO-C002