Claims

Each conscious moment is a Penrose objective reduction of a quantum state orchestrated across tubulin proteins in neuronal microtubules.

Neuronal microtubules under physiological conditions sustain coherent or entangled quantum states of sufficient duration (order tens of milliseconds) and spatial extent (across many tubulins) to support the computation Orch OR requires.

Microtubules have nontrivial collective electronic and electromagnetic dynamics that a model of them as passive structural scaffolding does not predict.

Electronic excitation diffuses about 6.6 nm through polymerized microtubules, and 50 μM etomidate or isoflurane reduces that diffusion length.

Fluorescence quantum yield increases with hierarchical tubulin organization in the direction predicted by a collective superradiance model of tryptophan networks.

Isolated tubulin, microtubules, and a neuronal preparation exhibit self-similar "triplet of triplet" electromagnetic resonance patterns across widely separated frequency bands.

Spin dynamics of a naturally occurring tryptophan-cation/superoxide radical pair modulate the microtubule polymerization rate, so that microtubule density depends on ambient magnetic field strength.

Including molecular-dynamics-derived structural variability substantially reduces the maximal superradiant enhancement of modelled microtubule tryptophan networks relative to an ordered 1JFF reference lattice.

General anesthetics cause unconsciousness substantially by disrupting a quantum-coherent microtubule state that is itself required for consciousness.

General anesthetics bind tubulin and alter the electronic and optical behavior of microtubules.

Pharmacologically manipulating microtubule stability changes anesthetic susceptibility in live animals.

A single acute dose of the brain-penetrant microtubule stabilizer epothilone B delays isoflurane-induced loss of righting reflex — by 69 seconds in rats and 29 seconds in mice.

Two weeks of the microtubule stabilizer epothilone D increases isoflurane sensitivity in mice — the opposite direction from the acute epothilone-B result — and the destabilizer vinblastine increases sensitivity as well.

Xenon isotopes possessing nuclear spin are less potent anesthetics than spin-zero isotopes of xenon, despite identical calculated polarizability.

No candidate molecular target for inhalational anesthesia other than tubulin has a published model that reproduces the Meyer–Overton correlation.

Quantum superpositions of sufficiently different mass distributions collapse objectively, with a characteristic lifetime τ ≈ ℏ/E_G set by the gravitational self-energy of the mass-distribution difference.

A dedicated underground search for the spontaneous radiation predicted by the stochastic Diósi–Penrose collapse model found none, tightening the bound on the model's spatial cutoff by about three orders of magnitude and excluding its natural parameter-free version.

LISA Pathfinder's measured relative acceleration noise between two free-falling test masses bounds the Diósi–Penrose regularization length to at least 40.1 ± 0.5 fm, a value larger than the size of any nucleus.

An independent underground ultra-low-background germanium search, the Majorana Demonstrator, found no evidence of the 1/E spontaneous-collapse radiation signature in the 19–100 keV range over a 37.5 kg-y enriched exposure.

Human mathematical understanding is not the execution of any knowably sound formal algorithm.

AI systems have produced correct, novel, research-level mathematics, including the disproof of a 1946 Erdős conjecture in discrete geometry and medal-level performance at the International Mathematical Olympiad.

Zero-quantum-coherence MRI of living human brains produces heartbeat-timed signals that depend on conscious awareness and that the experimenters interpret as witnessing entanglement.

Anesthetic-induced unconsciousness is substantially accounted for by classical mechanisms — multi-target receptor and ion-channel pharmacology acting on network dynamics — with target-specific causal evidence for the intravenous agents.

Anesthetic-induced unconsciousness and, more broadly, cognition are fully accounted for by classical mechanisms, without any quantum-coherent contribution.